JENIFER ALTMAN AWARDS 2005 - FREDERICK VOM SAAL, Ph.D.

Frederick vom Saal is a professor of reproductive biology and neurobiology in the division of biological sciences at the University of Missouri-Columbia. After Dr. vom Saal received his bachelors degree from New York University, he taught biology in the Peace Corps in Somalia and Kenya, and received a Ph.D in 1976 from Rutgers University in neuroscience. His postdoctoral training was in reproductive physiology at the University of Texas at Austin. He has served on grant review panels at the National Institutes of Health as well as other governmental and nongovernmental organizations. He has testified at hearings in the U.S. Senate and Congress, the U.S.EPA, and the California House of Representatives, as well as environmental agencies in the EU, Germany and Japan. He also served on the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Hormonally Active Agents in the Environment. He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has advised 15 masters and doctoral students. His research, which is funded by the NIH, concerns the long-term consequences for the brain and reproductive organs of exposure during fetal life to natural hormones and both man-made and naturally occurring endocrine disrupting chemicals. He has published over 130 research and review articles, and in the past 3 years has been invited to present over 30 lectures on his research at international meetings and symposia. His research has revealed that endocrine disrupting chemicals used in pesticides and plastic can produce harmful effects in animals at doses far below those previously considered safe for human exposure.

Link to Dr. vom Saal's Website

CURRICULUM VITAE:

July, 2005

Frederick S. vom Saal
TITLE Professor, Division of Biological Sciences
DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH January 17, 1945; New York City
BUSINESS ADDRESS 105 Lefevre Hall
Division of Biological Sciences
University of Missouri-Columbia
Columbia, MO 65211
Office: 314-882-4367
FAX: 314-884-5020
vomsaal@biosci.mbp.missouri.edu

EDUCATION Ph.D. 1976 Rutgers University
New Brunswick, NJ
Area of Study: Neurobiology
M.S. 1974 Rutgers University
New Brunswick, NJ
Area of Study: Neurobiology
B.A. 1969 New York University
Washington Square College, N.Y.
Area of Study: Psychobiology

POSITIONS HELD
1989 - Professor
Division of Biological Sciences
University of Missouri-Columbia
1990-1991 Visiting Professor
Center for Human Reproduction
College of Physicians and Surgeons
Columbia University, New York
1984 - 1989 Associate Professor
1979 - 1984 Assistant Professor
Division of Biological Sciences
Research Investigator, John M. Dalton Research Center
University of Missouri-Columbia
1976 - 1979 NRSA Postdoctoral Fellowship from NICHD, NIH
Supervisor: Dr. F. H. Bronson
Institute of Reproductive Biology, Department of Zoology,
University of Texas at Austin
1975 - 1976 Research Assistant, Rutgers University
1974 - 1975 Teaching Assistant, Rutgers University
1973 - 1974 Bevier Fellowship, Rutgers University
1972 - 1973 Russel Scholarship, Rutgers University
1970 - 1972 Biology Teacher, Marymount International School, Paris, France
1969 - 1970 Biology Teacher, Peace Corps Volunteer
Borama, Somalia and Bukhalalire, Kenya

JOURNAL AND GRANT AD HOC REVIEWER
Aggressive Behavior; Animal Behavior; Biology of Reproduction; Ecology; Environmental Health Perspectives; Endocrinology; Ethology, Ecology and Evolution; Hormones and Behavior; Human Reproduction, Journal of Comparative Psychology; Journal of Reproduction and Fertility; Life Sciences; Nature, Neoplasia, Neurobiology of Aging; Neurotoxicology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior; Physiology and Behavior; Reproductive Toxicology; Science; Toxicological Science.
National Science Foundation
NIH review panels
National Institute of Mental Health
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
Harry F. Guggenheim Foundation
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Editorial Boards: Ethology, Ecology and Evolution
Nonlinearity in Biology, Toxicology and Medicine
Associate Editor: Human Reproduction

DEPARTMENTAL, COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY COMMITTEES
Divisional Council, Biology Division, 1983-1985. Chairman, 1984.
Graduate Affairs Committee, Biology Division, 1979-1989.
Director Search Committee, Biology Division, 1984.
Neurosciences Search Committee, Biology Division, Chairman, 1985.
Donald M. Nelson Distinguished Lecturer Committee, Chairman, UMC, 1979-1996.
Chancellor's Awards Committee, UMC, 1984-1985; Chairman, 1987.
Campus Laboratory Animal Review Committee, UMC, 1983-1987.
UM Animal Resources Advisory Committee, UM, 1983-1987.
Food for the 21st Century Reproductive Biologist Search Committee, 1984
Food for the 21st Century Reproductive Biologist Search Committee, 1985
UM Weldon Spring Review Committee, Physical Sciences, Chairman, 1987
Laboratory Animal Medicine Assistant Director Search Committee, 1987
Research Council, UMC, 1989-1990
Faculty Awards Committee, Arts & Science, UMC, 1991-1992
Animal Care and Use Procedures Review Committee, UM, 1991-1992
Animal Issues Task Force, Chairman, UMC, 1992
Life Science Mission Enhancement Committee, 1998-2001
University of Missouri Animal Care and Use Committee, UMC, 2001-2004
Research Council ad hoc reviewer, UMC, 1992-present
Animal Care Committee, Biology Division, Chairman, 1980-1986; 1979-present
Prime Fund Committee, UMC, 2003-present
Dalton Research Center, Director search committee 2004-2005

OUTSIDE PROFESSIONAL SERVICE
Society for the Study of Reproduction, Program Committee Chairman, 1989
Society of Neuroscience, Chapters Committee, 1990-1993.
Gerontological Society of America, Research Education and Practice Committee, 1991-1994.
Gerontological Society of America, Biological Sciences Executive Committee, 1993.
Senate Environment and Public Works Committee. Testified on the impact on human health of environmental endocrine disruptors, 1994
Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, Technical Advisory Panel, 1995- 1998.
National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences Committee on Hormone-Related Toxicants in the Environment, 1995-1999.
International Life Sciences Institute, Receptor-Mediated Processes and Risk Assessment Organizing Committee, 1995-1996.
State of the World Forum, Endocrine Disruptor Initiative Steering Committee, 1996-1997.
NIH (NCI, NIDDK, NIEHS) Prostate Cancer Special Review Committee, August,
2001
NIEHS PO-1 Special Emphasis Review Panel, October, 2002
Co-director, Permanent Monitoring Panel on Environmental Chemicals,
Ettore Majorana Center, Erice, Italy, 2002-present.
Gordon Research Conference on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors,
Conference Chair: 2004.
Organizing committee: 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006INVITED SYMPOSIUM AND

WORKSHOP PARTICIPANT (2000-present)
Workshop on: Endocrine disruptors and children’s health, Center for Children’s Health and the Environment, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, March, 2000.
Symposium on: The potential public health impacts of endocrine disrupting chemicals and pharmaceutically active chemicals in drinking water. Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination, TheUniversity of Iowa, Chicago, IL, April, 2000.
Symposium on: Hormones and Endocrine Disrupters in Food and Water: Possible Effects on Human Health" Copenhagen, Denmark, May, 2000.
Symposium on: New paradigms for studies of endocrine disruptors. Gordon Conference (member of organizing committee), Plymouth, NH, June, 2000.
Workshop on: Health effects of bisphenol A. EU Environmental Committee meeting, Italy, September, 2000.
Workshop on: Endocrine Disruptors: Low Dose Peer Review, NIEHS, NIH, Raleigh, NC, October, 2000.
Symposium on: Bisphenol A: low dose effects-high dose effects, Freie Universitat, Berlin, November, 2000.
Symposium on: International Symposium on Environmental Endocrine Disrupters. Japanese EPA, Yokahama, Japan, December, 2000.
Symposium on: Fetal effects on aging. Fetal Origins of Adult Disease meeting,
Mumbai, India, February, 2001.
Symposium on: Health effects of environmental chemicals. Institute for Sustainable Future, Mumbai, India, February, 2001.
Symposium on: Health effects of endocrine disruptors. Green Cooperative meeting, Fukuoka, Japan, March, 2001.
Symposium on: How to protect life from endocrine disruptors. Citizens Table
for Endocrine Disruptors, Tokyo, Japan, March, 2001.
Symposium on: Recent Progress in Endocrine Disruptor Research. 45th International NIBB conference, Okazaki National Research Institutes, Okazaki, Japan, March, 2001.
Symposium on: Endocrine disruptors. National Science Teachers Association
annual meeting, St, Louis, MO, March, 2001.
Symposium on: Status of Research on Endocrine Disrupters, Umwelt Bundes
Amt, Berlin, April, 2001.Environmental Berlin, April, 2001.
Symposium on: Effects of Pollutants on Humans. Annual meeting of the Canadian Federation of Biological Societies, Ottawa, Ontario, June, 2001.
Presidential address: International Society for History, Philosophy, and Social Studies of Biology meeting, New Haven, CT, July, 2001.
Symposium on: Gender, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, March, 2002.
Workshop on: Impact of endocrine disruptors on brain development and behavior (meeting co-organizer), Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture, Erice, Italy, March, 2002.
Symposium on: Health effects, Genetics Conference, Missouri Teachers Assoc., Kansas City, MO, April, 2002.
Symposium on: Estrogens in the male reproductive system. American Society
of Andrology meeting, Seattle, OR, April, 2002.
Symposium on: Environmental steroids and reproduction. Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, May, 2002.
Symposium on: Global Emergencies. Ettore Majorana Center, Erice,
Sicily, August, 2002.
Symposium on: Exposure and Risk Assessment. Fifth International Symposium
on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors. Japanese Ministry of the Environment, Hiroshima, Japan, November, 2002.
Workshop on: Endocrine disruptor-related feminization of males, US-EPA,
Cincinnati, OH, December, 2002.
Symposium on: Health effects, Genetics Conference, Missouri Teachers Assoc., Kansas City, MO, April, 2003.
Symposium on: Endocrine Disruptors Assessment and Multiple System Toxicity,
Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference, Dayton, OH, May, 2003.
Symposium on: Developmental exposures to environmental chemicals: Role in
disease/dysfunction later in life. Second World Congress on Fetal Origins of
Adult Disease, Brighton, UK, June, 2003.
Symposium on: Fetal origins of adult disease. Annual meeting of the Teratology
Society, Philadelphia, PA, June, 2003.
Workshop on: Endocrine disrupting chemicals, World Wildlife Fund, Gunnison,
Colorado, July, 2003.
Symposium on: Endocrine disrupting activities of halogenated hydrocarbons.
2003 Dioxin meeting, Boston, MA, August, 2003.
Symposium on: Endocrine disruption and bioterrorism. Global Emergencies meeting, Center Ettore Majorana, Erice, Sicily, August, 2003.
Symposium on: Andrology in the 2000’s. Genk Institute for Fertility Technology.
Antwerp, Belgium, September, 2003.
Symposium on: Environmental Hormones, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA,
October, 2003.
Symposium on: Environmental neuromodulation. 23rd Annual Society for Experimental Toxicology and Chemistry meeting, Austin, TX, November, 2003.
Symposium on: Science based guidelines for laboratory animal care. Institute for Laboratory Animal Research meeting, Washington, DC, November, 2003.
Symposium on: Low dose effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals, Freie Universitat, Berlin, November, 2003.
Symposium on: Endocrine disrupting chemicals, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,
January, 2004
Symposium on: Environmental causes of obesity, Duke University, Durham,
North Carolina, February, 2004.
Symposium on: Epigenetic regulation of reproductive development. Society for
Gonocological Investigation continuing medical education meeting, Houston, TX, March, 2004.
Gordon Research Conference on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors
(Conference Chair), Colby-Sawyer College, New London, NH, June, 2004.
Symposium on: Prenatal origins of reproductive dysfunction in the female.
Society for the Study of Reproduction meeting, Vancouver, August, 2004.
Symposium on: Endocrine disruptors and disruption of hormonal activity.
Faculty of agricultural, food and environmental quality sciences, Hebrew University, Tel Aviv, January, 2005.
Symposium on: Genetics at Science City. Kansas City, April, 2005.
Symposium on: Collegiate Division Awards Ceremony, Missouri Academy of Sciences. Lincoln University, Jefferson City, MO, April, 2005.
Symposium on: Swiss National Research Program on Endocrine Disruptors: Relevance to Humans, Animals and Ecosystems. Two lectures presented at the University of Zurich and the University of Lausanne.
May, 2005.
Symposium on: Endocrine disrupting chemicals. Endocrine Society meeting.
San Diego, June, 2005.
Symposium on: Endocrine disruptors and sexual development. International
Academy of Sex Research. Ottowa, July, 2005.
NIH MEETING (meeting co-organizer) National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, September 2005
Symposium on: Developmental Disruption. International Congress on the
Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. Toronto, November, 2005.
American Public Health Association meeting, New Orleans, November, 2005.
Womens Health Workshop, Washington, DC, November, 2005.
Seattle, WA
Portland, OR,

MEDIA
Television interview: KSDK TV in St. Louis, Missouri, April, 2003.
Radio interview: KXAR radio in Omaha, Nebraska, April, 2003.
Radio interview: Interviewed by Dr. Joe Schwarcz, Director, McGill Office for Chemistry and Society, Montreal Public Radio, Montreal, Canada, April, 2003.
Radio interview: KMOX radio in St. Louis, Missouri, May, 2003.
Radio interview: BBC radio in London. April, 2005.OTHER INVITED PRESENTATIONS (1994-present)
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 1994.
Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, 1994.
Senate Environment and Public Works Committee. Testified concerning the health effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Washington DC, March,
1994.
National Public Radio program “Between the Lines”. Program on my research
concerning endocrine disrupting chemicals. Boston MA, August, 1994.
World Affairs TV Program "Future File". Invited guest to discuss endocrine disrupting chemicals. Public Broadcasting Station, Montreal, Canada, December, 1994.
International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, 1995.
Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 1995.
Department of Anthropology, St. Edwards University, Austin, TX, 1995.
Department of Comparative Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 1995.
Deptartment of molecular biology and pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,1996.
Department of Biology, Truman University, Kirksville, MO 1996.
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, April, 1997.
White House Staff briefing, Presidents Council on Sustainable Development and
Interagency Sustainable Development Indicator Group, September, 1997
White House staff briefing, Barbara Walton, Director, Office of Science and
Technology, Environmental Division, October, 1997.
Program in Reproduction, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX, February, 1998.
Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, March, 1998.
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Iniversity of Illinois, October, 1998
Department of Anatomy, University of South Dakota Medical School,
Vermillion, SD, October, 1998.
Department of Ecology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, September, 1999.
Nutrition Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, November, 1999.
Tri-beta society, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, November, 1999.
Department of Biology, Kumomato University, Kumomato, Japan, December,
1999.
Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, May,
2000.
Toxicology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, May, 2000.
Environmental Sciences Program, Arangabad University, Arangabad, India,
March, 2001.
Biology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Blacksburgh, VA,
April, 2001.
Zoology Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, May, 2003.
Bioenvironmental Medicine Department, Chiba University, Tokyo, Japan,
January, 2004.
Biology Department, Kumamato University, Kumamato, Japan, January, 2004.
Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, April, 2004.
Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, April, 2005.
Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, April, 2005.

HONORS & AWARDS
Russel Scholarship, Rutgers University
Bevier Fellowship, Rutgers University
Honorary member, Faculty of Science, University of Parma, Italy and Italian Academy of Sciences
Millenium Award, Indian Institute for Sustainable Future
Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science

CURRENT GRANT SUPPORT
NIEHS, NIH. ES11283. Developmental toxicity of environmental chemicals
8/02-7/07
Principal Investigator: Total direct costs: $1,250,000.

PUBLICATIONS
1. vom Saal, F., Hamilton, L. and Gandelman, R. Faster acquisition of an olfactory discrimination following septal lesions in male albino rats. Physiol. Behav. 14:697-703, 1975.
2. Gandelman, R. and vom Saal, F. Pup-killing in mice: The effects of gonadectomy and testosterone administration. Physiol. Behav. 15:647-651, 1975.
3. vom Saal, F., Svare, B. and Gandelman, R. Time of neonatal androgen exposure influences length of testosterone treatment required to induce aggression in adult male and female mice. Behav. Biol. 17:391-397, 1976.
4. vom Saal, F., Gandelman, R. and Svare, B. Aggression in male and female mice: Evidence for changed neural sensitivity in response to neonatal but not adult androgen exposure. Physiol. Behav. 17:53-57, 1976.
5. Gandelman, R., vom Saal, F. and Reinisch, J. Contiguity to male fetuses affects morphology and behavior in female mice. Nature 266:722-724, 1977.
6. Gandelman, R. and vom Saal, F. Exposure to early androgen attenuates androgen-induced pup-killing in male and female mice. Behav. Biol. 20:252-260, 1977.
7. vom Saal, F., Timmons, R. and Hamilton, L. Effects of diet and dietary experience on body weight regulation in rats with septal lesions. Physiol. Psychol. 6:306-313, 1978.
8. vom Saal, F. and Bronson, F. In utero proximity of female mouse fetuses to males: Effect on reproductive performance during later life. Biol. Reprod. 19:842-853, 1978.
9. vom Saal, F. Cyproterone acetate exposure during gestation in mice retards fetal growth. Physiol. Behav. 21:515-517, 1978.
10. Bronson, F. and vom Saal, F. The preovulatory surge in luteinizing hormone secretion in mice: Variation in magnitude due to ambient light intensity. Biol. Reprod. 20:1005-1008, 1979.
11. Bronson, F. and vom Saal, F. Control of the release of luteinizing hormone by steroids in the mouse. Endocrinol. 104:1247-1255, 1979.
12. vom Saal, F. Prenatal exposure to androgen influences morphology and aggressive behavior of male and female mice. Horm. Behav. 12: 1-11, 1979.
13. vom Saal, F. and Bronson, F. Sexual characteristics of adult female mice are correlated with their blood testosterone levels during prenatal development. Science 208:597-599, 1980.
14. vom Saal, F. and Bronson, F. Variation in length of the estrous cycle in mice due to former intrauterine proximity to male fetuses. Biol. Reprod. 22:777-780, 1980.
15. vom Saal, F., Pryor, S. and Bronson, F. Effects of prior intrauterine position and housing on oestrous cycle length in adolescent mice. J. Reprod. Fert. 62:33-37, 1981.
16. vom Saal, F. Variation in phenotype due to random intrauterine positioning of male and female fetuses in rodents. J. Reprod. Fert. 62: 633-650, 1981.
17. vom Saal, F. The intrauterine position phenomenon in mice. In: Biology of Aggression, P. Brain and D. Benton (Eds.), Sijthoff and Noordhoff, Netherlands, pp. 231-236, 1981.
18. vom Saal, F. Intrauterine positioning of male and female fetuses influences prenatal hormone titers and adult behavior. In: Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress of Sexology, Exerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 1982.
19. vom Saal, F. and Howard L. The regulation of infanticide and parental behavior: Implications for reproductive success in male mice. Science 215:1270-1272, 1982.
20. vom Saal, F., Grant, W., McMullen, C. and Laves, K. High fetal estrogen titers correlate with enhanced adult sexual performance and decreased aggression in male mice. Science 220:1306-1309, 1983.
21. vom Saal, F. Variation in infanticide and parental behavior in male mice due to prior intrauterine proximity to female fetuses: Elimination by prenatal stress. Physiol. Behavior. 30:675-681, 1983.
22. vom Saal, F. Models of early hormonal effects on intrasex aggression in mice. In: Hormones and Aggressive Behavior, B. Svare (Ed.), Plenum, New York, pp. 197-222, 1983.
23. vom Saal, F. The interaction of circulating estrogens and androgens in regulating mammalian sexual differentiation. In: Hormones and Behavior in Higher Vertebrates, J. Balthazart, E. Prove and R. Giles (Eds.), Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 159-177, 1983.
24. vom Saal, F. Proximate and ultimate causes of infanticide in male house mice. In: Infanticide: Comparative and Evolutionary Aspects, G. Hausfater and S. Blaffer-Hrdy (Eds.), Aldine Pub., 1984, pp. 401-424.
25. vom Saal, F. The intrauterine position phenomenon: Effects on physiology, aggressive behavior and population dynamics in house mice. In: Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., Vol. 169, Biological Perspectives on Aggression, K. Flannelly, R. Blanchard and D. Blanchard (Eds.), Liss, New York, pp. 135-179, 1984.
26. Rines, J. and vom Saal, F. Fetal effects on sexual behavior and aggression in young and old female mice treated with estrogen and progesterone. Horm. Behav. 18:117-129, 1984.
27. vom Saal, F. Time-contingent change in infanticide and parental behavior induced by ejaculation in male mice. Physiol. Behav. 34:7-15, 1985.
28. Brain, P., Haug, M. and vom Saal, F. Are female mice the docile sex? In: The Aggressive Female, M. Haug, D. Benton, P. Brain, B. Olivier, and J. Mos (Eds.), CIP-Gegevens Koninklijke Bibliotheek, The Haag, pp. 61-78, 1985.
29. vom Saal, F. and Moyer, C. Prenatal effects on reproductive capacity during aging in female mice. Biol. Reprod. 32:1116-1126, 1985.
30. McCarthy, M. and vom Saal, F. The influence of reproductive state on infanticide by wild female house mice. Physiol. Behav. 35:843-849, 1985.
31. McCarthy, M. and vom Saal, F. Inhibition of infanticide after mating in wild male house mice. Physiol. Behav. 36:203-209, 1986.
32. McCarthy, M., Bare, J. and vom Saal, F. Infanticide and parental behavior in wild female house mice (Mus musculus): Effects of ovariectomy, adrenalectomy, and administration of oxytocin and prostaglandin. Physiol. Behav. 36:17-23, 1986.
33. McCarthy, M. and vom Saal, F. Infanticide by virgin CF-1 and wild male house mice (Mus musculus): Effects of age, prolonged isolation and testing procedure. Develop. Psychobiol. 19:279-290, 1986.
34. vom Saal, F. and Finch, C. Reproductive senescence: Phenomena and mechanisms in mammals and selected vertebrates. In: Physiology of Reproduction, E. Knobil, J. Neill and D. Pfaff (Eds.), Raven Press, New York, pp. 2351-2413, 1988.
35. vom Saal, F. Perinatal testosterone exposure has opposite effects on intermale aggression and infanticide in mice. In: House Mouse Aggression. Edited by P. Brain and S. Parmigiani. Gordon and Breach Science Pub., pp. 179-204, 1988.
36. vom Saal, F. Sexual differentiation in litter bearing mammals: influence of sex of adjacent fetuses in utero. J. Anim. Sci. 67: 1824-1840, 1989.
37. vom Saal, F. The production of and sensitivity to cues that delay puberty and prolong subsequent oestrous cycles in female mice are influenced by prior intrauterine position. J. Reprod. Fert. 86: 457-471, 1989.
38. Perrigo, G. and vom Saal, F. Mating-induced regulation of infanticide in male mice: Fetal programming of a unique stimulus-response. In: Ethoexperimental Approaches to the Study of Behavior. Edited by R. Blanchard, P. Brain, D. Blanchard and S. Parmigiani. Kluwer Academic Pub., Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 320-333, 1989.
39. Perrigo, G., Bryant, W. and vom Saal, F. The use of live pups in a humane, injury-free test for infanticidal behaviour in male mice. Anim. Behav. 38:897-904, 1989.
40. Perrigo, G., Bryant, W. and vom Saal, F. Fetal, hormonal and experiential factors influencing the mating-induced regulation of infanticide in male house mice. Physiol. Behav. 46: 121-128, 1989.
41. Rohde-Parfet, K., Ganjam, V., Lamberson, W. Rieke, A., vom Saal, F. and Day, B. Intrauterine position effects in female swine: subsequent reproductive performance, and social and sexual behavior. Applied Anim. Behav. Sci., 26:349-362, 1990.
42. Rohde-Parfet, K., Lamberson, W. Rieke, A., Cantley, T. Ganjam, V., vom Saal, F. and Day, B. Intrauterine position effects in male and female swine: subsequent survivability, growth rate, morphology and serum characteristics. J. Anim. Sci., 68:179-185, 1990.
43. Perrigo, G., Bryant, W. and vom Saal, F. A unique neural timing system prevents male mice from harming their own offspring. Anim. Behav., 39:535-539, 1990.
44. vom Saal, F., Quadagno, D., Even, M., Keisler, L., Keisler, D., and Khan, S. Paradoxical effects of maternal stress on fetal steroids and postnatal reproductive traits in female mice from different intrauterine positions. Biol. Reprod., 43:751-761, 1990.
45. Perrigo, G., Belvin, L. and vom Saal, F. Humane behavioral assays in the laboratory: An alternative test for assessing how rodents behave toward young. Humane Innovations and Alternatives in Animal Experimentation: 4: 208-209, 1990.
46. Clark, M., Galef, B. and vom Saal, F. Nonrandom sex composition of gerbil, mouse and hamster litters before and after birth. Develop. Psychobiol., 24: 81-90, 1991.
47. vom Saal, F.S. Prenatal gonadal influences on mouse sociosexual behaviours. In M. Haug, P.F. Brain, and C. Aron, (Eds.). Heterotypical Behaviour in Man and Animals. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 42-70, 1991.
48. Montano, M., Wang, M., Even, M. and vom Saal, F. Serum corticosterone in fetal mice: Sex differences, circadian changes, and effect of maternal stress. Physiol. Behav. 50: 323-329, 1991.
49. Keisler, L., vom Saal, F., Keisler, D. and Walker, S. Hormonal manipulation of the prenatal environment alters reproductive morphology and increases longevity in autoimmune NZB/W mice. Biol. Reprod. 44: 707-716, 1991.
50. vom Saal, F., Even, M. and D. Quadagno, D. Effects of maternal stress on puberty, fertility and aggressive behavior of female mice. Physiol. Behav., 49: 1073-1078, 1991.
51. Perrigo, G., Belvin, E. and vom Saal, F. Individual variation in neural timing of infanticide and parental behaviour in male mice. Physiol. Behav. 50: 287-296, 1991.
52. Even, M. and vom Saal, F. Seminal vesicle and preputial gland response to steroids in adult male mice is influenced by prior intrauterine position. Physiol. Behav., 51:11-16, 1992.
53. Perrigo, G., Belvin, E. and vom Saal, F. Time and sex in the male mouse: Temporal regulation of infanticide and parental behavior. Chronobiol. Int., 9:421-433, 1992.
54. Clark, M.M., vom Saal, F.S. and Galef, B.G. Intrauterine positions and testosterone levels of adult male gerbils are correlated. Physiol. Behav. 51:957-960, 1992.
55. vom Saal, F.S. and Dhar, M. D. Blood flow in the uterine loop artery and loop vein is bi-driectional in the mouse: Implications for intrauterine transport of steroids. Physiol. Behav., 52: 163-171, 1992.
56. vom Saal, F.S., Montano, M.M. and Wang, H-S. Sexual differentiation in mammals. In: Chemically Induced Alterations in Sexual and Functional Development: The Wildlife-Human Connection. T. Colborn and C. Clement (Eds), Princeton Scientific Pub., Princeton, N.J., pp. 17-83, 1992.
57. Even, M.D., Dhar, M. and vom Saal, F.S. Transport of steroids between fetuses via amniotic fluid in relation to the intrauterine position phenomenon in rats. J. Reprod. Fertil. 96:709-716, 1992.
58. Zielinski, W.J. vom Saal, F.S. and Vandenbergh, J.G. The effect of intrauterine position on the survival, reproduction and home range size of female mouse mice (Mus musculus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30:185-191, 1992.
59. Nonneman, D.J., Ganjam, V.K., Welshons, W.V., vom Saal, F.S. Intrauterine position effects on steroid metabolism and steroid receptors of reproductive organs in male mice. Biol. Reprod. 47:723-729, 1992.
60. Perrigo, G., Belvin, E. and vom Saal, F. Social inhibition of infanticide in male house mice. Ecol. Ethol. Evol. 5:181-185, 1993.
61. CLark, M.M., Bishop, A.M., vom Saal, F.S. and Galef, B.G. Responsiveness to testosterone of adult male gerbils from known intrauterine positions. Physiol. Behav. 53:1183-1187, 1993.
62. Perrigo, G., Belvin, L., Quindry, P., Kadir, T., Becker, J., van Look, C., Niewoehner, J. and vom Saal, F. Genetic mediation of infanticidal and parental behavior in male and female domestic and wild stock house mice. Behav. Genetics 23:525-531, 1993.
63. Colborn, T., vom Saal, F.S. and Soto, A.M. Developmental effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans. Environ. Health Perspectives 101:378-384,1993.
64. Montano, M., Wang, M. vom Saal, F. Sex difference in serum concentrations of corticosterone in mouse fetuses is mediated by differential placental transport from the mother and eliminated by maternal adrenalectomy of stress. J. Reprod. Fertil. 99: 283-290, 1993.
65. Even, M.D, Laughlin, M.H., Krause, G.F. and vom Saal, F.S. Blood flow to uterine segments and placentae differs as a function of uterine location, side, and fetal sex in pregnant rats. J. Reprod. Fertil., 102:245-252, 1994.
66. vom Saal, F. The role of social, religious and medical practices in the neglect, abuse, abandonment and killing of infants. In: Infanticide and Parental Care. S. Parmigiani and F. vom Saal (Eds). Harwood Academic Press, London, 43-72, 1994.
67. Perrigo, G. and vom Saal, F. Behavioral Cycles and the neural timing of infanticide and parenting in mice. In: Infanticide and Parental Care. S. Parmigiani and F. vom Saal (Eds). Harwood Academic Press, London, pp. 365-396, 1994.
68. Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F. Infanticide and Parental Care. Harwood Academic Press, London, 1994.
69. Palanza, P., Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F.S. Maternal aggression toward infanticidal males of different social status in wild house mice. Aggressive Behavior 20:267-274, 1994.
70. vom Saal, F.S., Finch, C.E. and Nelson, J.F. Natural history and mechanisms of aging in humans, laboratory rodents and other selected vertebrates. In: Physiology of Reproduction, E. Knobil, J. Neill and D. Pfaff (Eds.), Raven Press, New York, 2nd edition, Vol 2, pp 1213-1314, 1994.
71. Palanza, P., Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F.S. Male urinary cues stimulate intrasexual aggression and urine marking in wild female mice. Animal Behaviour 48:245-247, 1994.
72. vom Saal, F.S., Nagel, S.C., Palanza, P., Boechler, M., Parmigiani, S. Welshons, W. Estrogenic pesticides: binding relative to estradiol in MCF-7 cells and effects of exposure during fetal life on subsequent territorial behavior in male mice. Tox. Let. 77:343-350, 1995.
73. Drickamer, L.C., vom Saal, F.S., Marriner, L.M. and Clover, C. Anogenital distance and aggression in male house mice (Mus domesticus). Aggressive Behav., 21:301-309, 1995.
74. Palanza, P., Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F.S. Correlation between anogenital distance at birth, maternal aggression and stimulus characteristics of wild female mice. Physiol. Behav. 58: 827-835, 1995.
75. vom Saal, F.S. Environmental estrogenic chemicals: Their impact on embryonic development. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (HERA) 1(2):3-15, 1995.
76. vom Saal, F.S., Franks, P., Boechler, M., Palanza, P. and Parmigiani, S. Nest defense in highly aggressive wild canadian house mice: Effect of presence of the stud male. Physiol. Behav., 58:669-678, 1995.
77. Keisler, L.W., vom Saal, F.S., Keisler, D.H., Rudeen, P.K. and Walker, S.E. Aberrant hormone balance in fetal autoimmune NZB/W mice following prenatal exposure to testosterone excess or the androgen blocker flutamide. Biol. Reprod. 53:1190-1197, 1995.
78. Montano, M.M., Welshons, W.V. and vom Saal, F.S. Free estradiol in serum and brain uptake of estradiol during fetal and neonatal sexual differentiation in female rats. Biol. Reprod., 53:1198-1207, 1995.
79. Walker, S.E., Keisler, L.W., Caldwell, C.W., Kier, A.B. and vom Saal, F.S. Effects of altered prenatal hormonal environment on expression of autoimmune disease in NZB/NZW mice. Environ. Health Perspect. 104:815-821, 1996.
80. Nagel, S.C., vom Saal, F.S., Thayer, K.A., Dhar, M.G., Boechler, M. and Welshons, W.V. Relative binding affinity-serum modified access (RBA-SMA) assay predicts the relative in vivo bioactivity of the xenoestrogens bisphenol A and octylphenol. Environ. Health Perspect. 105:70-76, 1997.
81. vom Saal, F.S., Timms, B.G., Montano, M.M., Palanza, P. Thayer, K.A., Nagel, S.C., Dhar, M.D., Ganjam, V.K., Parmigiani, S. and Welshons, W.V. Prostate enlargement in mice due to fetal exposure to low doses of estradiol or diethylstilbestrol and opposite effects at high doses. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 94:2056-2061, 1997.
82. Welshons, W.V., vom Saal, F.S. and Nagel, S.C. Bisphenol A in food cans: An Update. Environ. Health Perspect.105:571-572, 1997.
83. Sheehan, D.M. and vom Saal, F.S. Low dose effects of hormones: A challenge for risk assessment. Risk Policy Report 4(9) 31-39, 1997.
84. Parmigiani S., vom Saal FS, & Palanza P. Social and individual
behavior of mice prenatally exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals. In:
A. Gies, C. Gottschalk & A. Wenzel "Effects of endocrine disrupters in the
environment on neuronal development and behaviour". pp. 6-15. EPA Publ.,
Berlin. 1997.
85. vom Saal, F.S. Getting to the truth: What we know and don't know about the hazards of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Pesticides and You 17:9-16, 1997.
86. Parmigiani, S., Palanza, P. and vom Saal, F.S. Ethotoxicology: An evolutionary approach to the study of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals. J. Toxicol. Industrial Health 14:333-340, 1998.
87. vom Saal, F.S., Cooke, P.S., Palanza, P., Thayer, K.A., Nagel, S., Parmigiani, S. and Welshons, W.V. A physiologically based approach to the study of bisphenol A and other estrogenic chemicals on the size of reproductive organs, daily sperm production and behavior. Toxicol. Industrial Health, 14:239-260, 1998.
88. vom Saal, F.S. Man-made chemicals and the health of the unborn. Earth Ethics 9:20-22, 1998.
89. Nagel, S.C., vom Saal, F.S. And Welshons, W.V. The effective free fraction of estradiol and xenoestrogens in human serum measured by whole cell uptake assays: Physiology of delivery modifies estrogenic activity. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 217:300-309, 1998.
90. vom Saal, F.S. and Sheehan, D.M. Challenging risk assessment. Forum for Appllied Research and Public Policy, 13(3):11-18, 1998.
91. vom Saal, F.S., Welshons, W.V. and Hansen, L.G. Organochlorines and breast cancer: Letter to the editor. New Engl. J. Med. 338(14):988, 1998.
92. Sheehan, D.M. and vom Saal, F.S. Low dose effects of estrogens are inconsistent with standard safety test design for chemical toxicity. Kagaku 68:569-575, 1998.
93. vom Saal, F.S., Clark, M.M., Galef, B.G., Drickamer, L.C. and Vandenbergh, J.G. The intrauterine position (IUP) phenomenon. In: Encyclopedia of Reproduction. Eds E. Knobil and J. Neill. Academic Press, New York, Volume 2, pp. 893-900, 1999.
94. Timms, B.G., Petersen, S.L. and vom Saal, F.S. Prostate gland growth during development is stimulated in both male and female rat fetuses by intrauterine proximity to female fetuses. J. Urol.161:1694-1701, 1999.
95. vom Saal, F.S. and Timms, B.G. The role of natural and manmade estrogens in prostate development. In: R.K. Naz, ed. Endocrine Disruptors: Effects on Male and Female Reproductive Systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 307-327, 1999.
96. Palanza, P., Parmigiani, S., Huifen Liu, H. and vom Saal, F.S. Prenatal exposure to low doses of the estrogenic chemicals diethylstilbestrol and o,p’-DDT alters aggressive behavior of male and female house mice. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 64:665-672, 1999.
97. Nagel, S.C., vom Saal, F.S. And Welshons, W.W. Developmental effects of estrogenic chemicals are predicted by an in vitro assay incorporating modification of cell uptake by serum. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 69:343-357, 1999.
98. Welshons, W.V., Nagel, S.C., Kristina A. Thayer, K.A., Judy, B.M. and vom Saal, F.S. Development of in vitro assays to predict activity of xenoestrogens in animals: fetal exposure to methoxychlor and other xenoestrogens increases adult prostate size in mice. Tox. Ind. Health, 15:12-25, 1999.
99. Bigsby, R. Chapin, R., Daston,G., Davis, B., Gorski, J., Gray, E., Howdeshell, K. Zoeller, T. and vom Saal, F. Evaluating the effects of endocrine disruptors on
endocrine function during development. Environ. Health Perspect. 107 (Suppl 4):613-618, 1999.
100. vom Saal, F.S. Low dose effects of endocrine disruptors. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors, Japanese Environmental Agency Report, 1999.
101. Palanza, P. Morellini, F., Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F.S. Prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: Effects on behavioral development. Neurosci. Biobeh. Rev. 23:1011-1027, 1999.
102. Howdeshell, K.L., Hotchkiss, A.K., Thayer, K.A., Vandenbergh, J.G. and vom Saal, F.S. Exposure to bisphenol A advances puberty. Nature 401:763-764, 1999.
103. Parmigiani, S. Palanza, P. and vom Saal, F.S. Ethotoxicology: An evolutionary appoach to behavioral toxicology. In: Environmental Endocrine Disruptors: An Evolutionary Perspective. Eds. L.J. Guillette D.A. Crain, Taylor and Francis Publishers, New York, 217-233, 1999.
104. Howdeshell, K.L. and vom Saal, F.S. Developmental exposure to bisphenol A: Interaction with endogenous estradiol during pregnancy in mice. American Zoologist 40: 429-437, 2000.
105. Wang, M-S. and vom Saal, F.S. Maternal age influences traits in offspring. Nature, 407:469-470, 2000.
106. vom Saal, F.S. and Welshons, W.V. NIH panel confirms that endocrine disrupting chemicals cause effects at very low doses. Risk Policy Report 7(11):47-50, November 30, 2000. Inside Washington Publishers. Source: Risk Policy Report via InsideEPA.com
107. Thayer, K.A., R. Ruhlen, R., Howdeshell, K.L., Buchanan, D., Cooke, P.S., Welshons, W.V., Haseman, J. and vom Saal, F.S. Altered prostate growth and daily sperm production in male mice exposed prenatally to subclinical doses of 17a-ethinyl estradiol. Human Reproduction 16:988-996, 2001.
108. Swan S.H. and vom Saal, F.S. Alterations in male reproductive development: The role of endocrine disrupting chemicals. In: Endocirne Disruptors in the Environment. M. Metzler, ed. Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Vol. 3, pp. 131-170, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2001.
109. Palanza, P., Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F.S. Effects of prenatal exposure to low doses of diethylstilbestrol, o,p’DDT and methoxychlor on postnatal growth and neurobehavioral development in male and female mice. Horm. Behav. 252-265, 2001.
110. Palanza, P. Morellini, F., Paarmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F. Ethological methods to study the effects of maternal exposure to estrogenic endocrine disrupters: A study with methoxychlor. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 24:55-69, 2002.
111. Ottinger, M.A. and vom Saal, F.S. Impact of Environmental Endocrine Disruptors on Sexual Differentiation in Birds and Mammals. In: Hormones, Brain and Behavior, Ed. D. Pfaff, Academic Press, New York, pp 325-383, 2002.
112. Timms, B.G., Peterson, R.E. and vom Saal, F.S. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin interacts with endogenous estradiol to disrupt prostate gland morphogenesis in male rat fetuses. Toxicological Sciences 67:264-274, 2002.
113. Palanza, P., Howdeshell, K.L., Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F.S. Exposure to a low dose of bisphenol A during fetal life or in adulthood alters maternal behavior in mice. Environ. Health Perspect. 110:415-422, 2002.
114. Palanza, P. and vom Saal, F.S. Effects of endocrine disrupters on behaviour and reproduction. In: Behavioural Ecotoxicology. G. Dell’Omo, Ed. John Wiley, New York, pp. 377-407, 2002.
115. Alworth, L., Howdeshell, K.L., Ruhlen, R. And vom Saal, F.S. Uterine responsiveness to estradiol and DNA methylation are altered by fetal exposure to diethylstilbestrol and methoxychlor in CD-1 mice: Effects of low versus high doses. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 183:10-22, 2002.
116. vom Saal, F.S. Effects of fetal exposure to natural and exogenous steroids. In: Understanding the Biology of Sex Differences: Sex Begins in the Womb. Society for Womens Health Research, Washington, DC, 15-16, 2002.
117. Welshons, W.V., Thayer, K.S., Taylor, J., Judy, B. and vom Saal, F.S. Large effects from small exposures: I. Mechanisms for endocrine-disrupting chemicals with estrogenic activity. Environ. Health Perspect. 111(8): 994-1006, 2003.
118. vom Saal, F.S., Palanza, P., Colborn, T. and Parmigiani, S. Exposure to very low doses of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during fetal life permanently alters brain development and behavior in animals and humans. R. C. Ragaini, Editor, Proceedings of Conference: -International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies, 27th Session, Erice, Sicily, August, 2002, World Scientific Publishers, Singapore, pp. 293-308, 2003.
119. Rice, C., Birnbaum, L.S., Cogliano, J., Mahaffey, K., Needham, L., Rogan, W. and. vom Saal, F.S. Exposure assessment for endocrine disruptors: some considerations in the design of studies. Environ. Health Perspect. 111:1683-1690, 2003.
120. Howdeshell, KL Peterman, P.H., Judy, B.M., Taylor, J.A., Orazio, C.E., Ruhlen, R.L., vom Saal, F.S. and Welshons, W.V. Bisphenol a is released from used polycarbonate animal cages into water at room temperature. Environ. Health Perspect. 111:1180-1187, 2003.
121. Nagel, S.C. and vom Saal, F.S. Endocrine control of sexual differentiation: Effects of the maternal-fetal environment and endocrine disrupting chemicals. In: Principles of Sex-Based Physiology, Ed. V. Miller and M. Hay. Elsevier, pp. 15-37, 2003.
122. Richter, C.A. and F.S. vom Saal. Dioxin interacts with estrogen and androgen response systems to disrupt prostate development. Organohalogen Compounds 65:63-66, 2003.
123. vom Saal, F.S., Richter, C.A., Ruhlen, R.R. Nagel, S.C. and Welshons, W.V. Disruption of laboratory experiments due to leaching of bisphenol a from polycarbonate cages and bottles and uncontrolled variability in components of animal feed. Proceedings from the International Workshop on Development of Science-Based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care, National Academies Press, Washington DC, 65-69, 2004.
124. Myers, J.P., Guillette, L.J., Palanza, P., Parmigiani, S., Swan, S.H. and vom Saal, F.S. The emerging science of endocrine disruption. R. C. Ragaini, Editor, Proceedings of Conference: -International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies, 30th Session, Erice, Sicily, August, 2003, World Scientific Publishers, Singapore, pp. 105-121, 2004.
125. Richter, C.A., Timms, B.G. and vom Saal, F.S. Prostate Development: Mechanisms for opposite effects of low and high doses of estrogenic chemicals. In: R.K. Naz, ed. Endocrine Disruptors (2nd Edition): Effects on Male and Female Reproductive Systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 379-410, 2005.
126. vom Saal, F.S., Richter, C.A. Ruhlen, R.R., Nagel, S.C., Timms, B.G. and Welshons, W.V. Importance of appropriate controls, animal feed and animal models in interpreting results from low-dose studies of bisphenol A. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 73: 140-145, 2005.
127. vom Saal, F.S., Nagel, S.C., Timms, B.G. and Welshons, W.V. Implications for human health of the extensive bisphenol A literature showing adverse effects at low doses: A response to attempts to mislead the public. Toxicology, 212:244-252, 2005.
128. vom Saal, F.S., Richter, C.A., Ruhlen, R.R., Taylor, J.A., Rottinghaus, G.E. and Welshons, W.V. Commercial animal Feed: Variability in estrogenic activity and effects on body weight in mice. Birth Defects Research-Part A 73:474-475, 2005.
129. Timms, B.G., K.L. Howdeshell, L. Barton, S. Bradley, C.A. Richter and F.S. vom Saal. Estrogenic chemicals in plastic and oral contraceptives disrupt development of the fetal mouse prostate and urethra. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 102: 7014-7019, 2005.
130. vom Saal, F.S. and Hughes, C. An extensive new literature concerning low-dose effects of bisphenol A shows the need for a new risk assessment. Environ. Health Perspect., Online, April 14, 2005.
131. vom Saal, F.S. Low-dose bisphenol A: confirmed by an extensive literature. Chemistry and Industry 7:14-15, 2005.
132. Weltje, L., vom Saal, F.S. and Oehlmann, J. Reproductive stimulation by low doses of xenoestrogens contrasts with the view of hormesis as an adaptive response. Human and Experimental Toxicology, in press, 2005.PRIOR GRADUATE STUDENT ADVISING
Member of graduate faculty
Member of doctoral faculty
Jane Rines (M.A.) 1982. Thesis title: Evidence for behavior masculinization with
age in female mice: Influence of in utero development. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Margaret McCarthy (M.A.) 1984. Thesis title: Factors influencing infanticide
in male and female wild house mice. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Monica M. Montano (M.A.) 1988. Thesis title: Sex differences in fetal corticosterone in mice are eliminated by maternal stress and
adrenalectomy. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Mary D. Even (Ph.D.) 1991. Thesis title: Uteroplacental blood flow in the
pregnant rat. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Monica M. Montano (Ph.D.) 1991. In vitro and in vivo studies of free, AFP-bound
and albumin-bound estradiol in blood: Evidence for uptake and binding in rat
brain during sexual differentiation. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Ming-Hseng Wang (Ph.D.) 1991. Thesis title: Effect of maternal age on
offspring's sexual development. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Susan C. Nagel (Ph.D.) 1998. Thesis title: The role of serum and the physiology of
delivery in determining the bioactive fraction of estradiol and xenoestrogens.
University of Missouri-Columbia.

Kristina A. Thayer (Ph.D.) 1999. Thesis title: Prenatal exposure to low doses of estrogen: Reproductive effects in male and female mice and implicaitons
for regulation of endocrine disrupting environmental chemicals.
University of Missouri-Columbia.
Leanne C. Allworth (M.A.) 1999. Thesis title: Uterine response to estradiol:
Low-dose facilitation and high-dose inhibition due to fetal exposure to diethylstilbestrol and methoxychlor in mice. University of Missouri- Columbia.
Kembra L. Howdeshell (Ph.D.) 2002. Thesis title: Effects of exposure to environmentally-relevant levels of bisphenol a on mouse reproductive physiology and maternal behavior. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Catherine Sandner (M.A.) 2002. Thesis title: Rodent diets affect reproductive
phenotype of mice. University of Missouri-Columbia.
Rachel L. Ruhlen (Ph.D.) 2003. Thesis title: Diets, estrogen environment of the
fetus, and development of the reproductive tract and other systems.
University of Missouri-Columbia.

CURRENT GRADUATE STUDENT AND POSTDOCTORAL ADVISING
Maren Bell, Graduate student
Ben Coe, Graduate student
James Kirkpatrick
Davide Ponzi
Jiude Mao